Saturday, March 23, 2013

Congenital Heart Disease



Congenital Heart Disease

                Congenital means present at birth. Therefore, congenital heart disease is a problem with the heart since birth. It may be a defect on the structure or function.

Classification of Congenital Heart Disease

                Congenital heart disease may be classified into two types, namely: cyanotic(blue skin color) and acyanotic. These two are defined based on blood movement through the heart. In cyanotic heart disease, deoxygenated blood moves from right side of heart to left side through abnormal openings. In acyanotic heart disease, oxygenated blood moves from left to right side of the heart and then to the lungs.
                Cyanotic heart disease includes Ebstein’s anomaly (parts of the tricuspid valve abnormally separates the right ventricle from the right atrium); hypoplastic left heart syndrome (left ventricle of heart is severly underdeveloped); pulmonary atresia (pulmonary valve fails to develop, valve is completely closed thereby obstructing outflow of blood from heart to lungs); tetralogy of fallot; total anomalous pulmonary venous return (all four pulmonary veins are malpositioned); transposition of great vessels (abnormal spatial arrangement of any great vessels); tricuspid atresia (absence of tricuspid valve); and truncusarteriosus (embryological structure fails to divide into pulmonary trunk and aorta).
                Acyanotic heart disease includes aortic stenosis (aortic valve opening is narrowed); atrial septal defect (defective or absent interatrial septum; enables blood flow between two compartments of the heart: the left and right atria); atrioventricular canal or endocardial cushion defect (deficiency of atrioventricular septum of the heart); coarctation of the aorta (narrowing of part of the aorta); patent ductusarteriosus; pulmonic stenosis (fixed obstruction to flow from right ventricle to pulmonary artery); and ventricular septal defect (defect in ventricular septum, the wall dividing the ventricles of the heart).

3 comments:

  1. Congenital heart disease and traditional heart disease are they different if yes,how? What are the best ways for its treatment?

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